Liquid-crystalline medium and liquid-crystal display comprising the same

ABSTRACT

A liquid-crystalline medium, preferably having a nematic phase and dielectric anisotropy of 0.5 or more, which comprises one or more compounds of each of formulae T and L 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     in which the parameters have the meanings given in the claims and in the text. The use thereof in an electro-optical display, particularly in an active-matrix display based on the IPS or FFS effect, to displays of this type which contain a liquid-crystalline medium of this type. Also, the compounds of formulae T and L and their use for the improvement of the transmission and/or response times of a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises one or more additional mesogenic compounds.

The present invention includes novel compounds, novel liquid crystallinemedia, in particular for use in liquid crystal displays, and to theseliquid-crystal displays, particularly to liquid-crystal displays whichuse the IPS (in-plane switching) or, preferably, the FFS (fringe fieldswitching) effect using dielectrically positive liquid crystals.

The media are distinguished by a particularly high transmission andreduced response time in respective displays, which is brought about bytheir unique combination of physical properties, especially by theirhigh values of the elastic constant(s), in particular by high k₁₁ andtheir excellent, low ratio (γ₁/k₁₁) of the rotational viscosity (γ₁) andthe elastic constant (k₁₁). This also leads to their excellentperformance in the displays according to the invention.

IPS and FFS displays using dielectrically positive liquid crystals arewell known in the field and have been widely adopted for various typesof displays, e.g., note books, desk top monitors and TV sets, but alsofor mobile applications.

However, recently, IPS and in particular FFS displays usingdielectrically negative liquid crystals are widely adopted. The latterones are sometimes also called UB-FFS (ultra-bright FFS). Such displaysare disclosed, e.g., in US 2013/0207038 A1. These displays arecharacterized by a markedly increased transmission compared to thepreviously used IPS- and FFS displays, which have been dielectricallypositive liquid crystals. These displays using dielectrically negativeliquid crystals, however, have the severe disadvantage of requiring ahigher operation voltage than the respective displays usingdielectrically positive liquid crystals. Liquid crystalline media usedfor UB-FFS have a dielectric anisotropy of −0.5 or less and preferablyof −1.5 or less.

According to the present application, however, the IPS or the FFS effectwith dielectrically positive liquid crystalline media in a homogeneousalignment are preferred.

Industrial application of this effect in electro-optical displayelements requires LC phases which have to meet a multiplicity ofrequirements. Particularly important here are chemical resistance tomoisture, air and physical influences, such as heat, radiation in theinfrared, visible and ultraviolet regions, and direct (DC) andalternating (AC) electric fields.

Furthermore, LC phases which can be used industrially are required tohave a liquid-crystalline mesophase in a suitable temperature range andlow viscosity.

None of the series of compounds having a liquid-crystalline mesophasethat have been disclosed hitherto includes a single compound which meetsall these requirements. Mixtures of two to 25, preferably three to 18,compounds are therefore generally prepared in order to obtain substanceswhich can be used as LC phases.

Matrix liquid-crystal displays (MLC displays) are known. Non-linearelements which can be used for individual switching of the individualpixels are, for example, active elements (i.e. transistors). The term“active matrix” is then used, where in general use is made of thin-filmtransistors (TFTs), which are generally arranged on a glass plate assubstrate.

A distinction is made between two technologies: TFTs comprising compoundsemiconductors, such as, for example, CdSe, or metal oxides like ZnO orTFTs based on polycrystalline and, inter alia, amorphous silicon. Thelatter technology currently has the greatest commercial importanceworldwide.

The TFT matrix is applied to the inside of one glass plate of thedisplay, while the other glass plate carries the transparent counterelectrode on its inside. Compared with the size of the pixel electrode,the TFT is very small and has virtually no adverse effect on the image.This technology can also be extended to fully colour-capable displays,in which a mosaic of red, green and blue filters is arranged in such away that a filter element is located opposite each switchable pixel.

The TFT displays most used hitherto usually operate with crossedpolarisers in transmission and are backlit. For TV applications, ECB (orVAN) cells or FFS cells are used, whereas monitors usually use IPS cellsor TN (twisted nematic) cells, and notebooks, laptops and mobileapplications usually use TN, VA or FFS cells.

The term MLC displays here encompasses any matrix display havingintegrated non-linear elements, i.e., besides the active matrix, alsodisplays with passive elements, such as varistors or diodes(MIM=metal-insulator-metal).

MLC displays of this type are particularly suitable for TV applications,monitors and notebooks or for displays with a high information density,for example in automobile manufacture or aircraft construction. Besidesproblems regarding the angle dependence of the contrast and the responsetimes, difficulties also arise in MLC displays due to insufficientlyhigh specific resistance of the liquid-crystal mixtures [TOGASHI, S.,SEKIGUCHI, K., TANABE, H., YAMAMOTO, E., SORIMACHI, K., TAJIMA, E.,WATANABE, H., SHIMIZU, H., Proc. Eurodisplay 84, September 1984: A210-288 Matrix LCD Controlled by Double Stage Diode Rings, pp. 141 ff.,Paris; STROMER, M., Proc. Eurodisplay 84, September 1984: Design of ThinFilm Transistors for Matrix Addressing of Television Liquid CrystalDisplays, pp. 145 ff., Paris]. With decreasing resistance, the contrastof an MLC display deteriorates. Since the specific resistance of theliquid-crystal mixture generally drops over the life of an MLC displayowing to interaction with the inside surfaces of the display, a high(initial) resistance is very important for displays that have to haveacceptable resistance values over a long operating period.

In general form, the technologies are compared, for example, in Souk,Jun, SID Seminar 2004, Seminar M-6: “Recent Advances in LCD Technology”,Seminar Lecture Notes, M-6/1 to M-6/26, and Miller, Ian, SID Seminar2004, Seminar M-7: “LCD-Television”, Seminar Lecture Notes, M-7/1 toM-7/32. Although the response times of modern ECB displays have alreadybeen significantly improved by addressing methods with overdrive, forexample: Kim, Hyeon Kyeong et al., Paper 9.1: “A 57-in. Wide UXGATFT-LCD for HDTV Application”, SID 2004 International Symposium, Digestof Technical Papers, XXXV, Book I, pp. 106 to 109, the achievement ofvideo-compatible response times, in particular in the switching of greyshades, is still a problem which has not yet been solved to asatisfactory extent.

In liquid-crystal displays of this type, the liquid crystals are used asdielectrics, whose optical properties change reversibly on applicationof an electrical voltage.

Since in displays in general, i.e., also in displays in accordance withthese mentioned effects, the operating voltage should be as low aspossible, use is made of liquid-crystal media which are generallypredominantly composed of liquid-crystal compounds, all of which havethe same sign of the dielectric anisotropy and have the highest possiblevalue of the dielectric anisotropy. In general, at most relatively smallproportions of neutral compounds and if possible, no compounds having asign of the dielectric anisotropy which is opposite to that of themedium are employed. In the case of liquid-crystal media having negativedielectric anisotropy, e.g., for ECB or UB-FFS displays, predominantlycompounds having negative dielectric anisotropy are thus employed. Therespective liquid-crystalline media employed generally consistpredominantly and usually even essentially of liquid-crystal compoundshaving negative dielectric anisotropy.

In the media used in accordance with the present application,significant amounts of dielectrically positive liquid-crystal compoundsand generally only very small amounts of dielectrically compounds oreven none at all are typically employed, since in general theliquid-crystal displays are intended to have the lowest possibleaddressing voltages. At the same time small amounts of dielectricallyneutral compounds may be beneficially used in some cases.

Liquid crystalline media having a positive dielectric anisotropy for IPSand FFS displays have already been disclosed. In the following someexamples will be given.

Laid open DE 102016003902.3, EP 3 081 620 and EP 3 095 834 are relatedto liquid crystal compounds respectively liquid crystalline media forapplication in respective displays.

Pending, not yet published Applications EP 17164891.8, EP 16190393.5, EP16194162.0, EP 16197206.2 and EP 16199580.8 of the applicant of theinstant application are also related to liquid crystal compoundsrespectively liquid crystalline media for application in respectivedisplays.

The compound of formula

is disclosed in DE 10 2010 027 099 A1.

EP Appln. No. 19185360.5, which is not yet published, discloses a liquidcrystalline medium comprising the compound of formula

(PUS-n-T with n=3) and the compound of formula

(CLP-V-n with n=1) and another one additionally comprising

(CLP-n-T with n=3).

Obviously, the range of the nematic phase of the liquid-crystal mixturemust be sufficiently broad for the intended application of the display.

The response times of the liquid-crystal media in the displays also haveto be improved, i.e., reduced. This is particularly important fordisplays for television or multimedia applications and for gaming bothfor monitors and for note books. In order to improve the response times,it has repeatedly been proposed in the past to optimise the rotationalviscosity of the liquid-crystal media (γ₁), i.e., to achieve mediahaving the lowest possible rotational viscosity. However, the resultsachieved here are inadequate for many applications and therefore make itappear desirable to find further optimisation approaches.

Adequate stability of the media to extreme loads, in particular to UVexposure and heating, is very particularly important. In particular inthe case of applications in displays in mobile equipment, such as, forexample, mobile telephones, this may be crucial.

Besides their relatively poor transmission and their relatively longresponse times, the MLC displays disclosed hitherto, have furtherdisadvantages. These are, e.g., their comparatively low contrast, theirrelatively high viewing-angle dependence and the difficulty in thereproduction of grey scales in these displays, especially when observedfrom an oblique viewing angle, as well as their inadequate VHR and theirinadequate lifetime. The desired improvements of the transmission of thedisplays and of their response times are required in order to improvetheir energy efficiency, respectively their capacity to render rapidlymoving pictures.

There thus continues to be a great demand for MLC displays having veryhigh specific resistance at the same time as a large working-temperaturerange, short response times and a low threshold voltage, with the aid ofwhich various grey shades can be produced and which have, in particular,a good and stable VHR.

The invention has an object of providing MLC displays, not only formonitor and TV applications, but also for gaming and for mobileapplications such as, e.g., telephones and navigation systems, which arebased on the ECB, IPS or FFS effect, do not have the disadvantagesindicated above, or only do so to a lesser extent, and at the same timehave very high specific resistance values. In particular, it must beensured for mobile telephones and navigation systems that they also workat extremely high and extremely low temperatures.

Surprisingly, it has been found that it is possible to achieveliquid-crystal displays which have, in particular in IPS and FFSdisplays, a low threshold voltage with short response times, asufficiently broad nematic phase, favourable, relatively highbirefringence (Δn) and, at the same time, a high transmission, goodstability to decomposition by heating and by UV exposure, and a stable,high VHR if use is made in these display elements of nematicliquid-crystal mixtures which comprise at least one compound, preferablytwo or more compounds of formula T, preferably selected from the groupof the compounds of the sub-formulae T-1 and T-2 and one or morecompounds of formula L, preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the sub-formulae L-1 and L-2, and preferably additionallyat least one compound, preferably two or more compounds, selected fromthe group of the compounds of the formulae II and III, the formerpreferably of formula II-1 and/or II-2, and/or at least one compound,preferably two or more compounds selected from the group of formulae IVand/or V (all formulae as defined herein below).

Media of this type can be used, in particular, for electro-opticaldisplays having active-matrix addressing for IPS- or FFS displays.

The media according to the present invention preferably additionallycomprise a one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds offormulae II and III, preferably one or more compounds of formula II,more preferably in addition one or more compounds of formula III and,most preferably, additionally one or more compounds selected from thegroup of the compounds of formulae IV and V and, again preferably, oneor more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae VI toIX (all formulae as defined below).

The mixtures according to the invention exhibit very broad nematic phaseranges with clearing points ≥70° C., very favourable values for thecapacitive threshold, relatively high values for the holding ratio andat the same time good low-temperature stabilities at −20° C. and −30°C., as well as very low rotational viscosities. The mixtures accordingto the invention are furthermore distinguished by a good ratio ofclearing point and rotational viscosity and by a relatively highpositive dielectric anisotropy.

Now, it has been found surprisingly that LCs of the FFS type usingliquid crystals with positive dielectric anisotropy may be realisedusing specially selected liquid crystalline media. These media arecharacterised by a particular combination of physical properties. Mostdecisive amongst these are their high values of the elastic constant(s),in particular by high k₁₁ and their excellent, low ratio (γ₁/k₁₁) of therotational viscosity (γ₁) and the elastic constant. (k₁₁).

The liquid crystalline media according to the present inventionpreferably have a positive dielectric anisotropy, preferably in therange from 1.5 or more to 20.0 or less, more preferably in the rangefrom 2.0 or more to 8.0 or less and, most preferably in the range from2.5 or more to 7.0. or less.

The liquid crystalline medium of the present invention, preferably has adielectric anisotropy (Δε) of 0.5 or more and comprises

-   a) one or more compounds of formula T, having both a high dielectric    constant perpendicular to the director and parallel to the director,    preferably in a concentration in the range from 1% to 60%, more    preferably in the range from 5% to 40%, particularly preferably in    the range from 8% to 35%,

-   -   wherein the respective rings, and preferably the phenylene        rings, optionally may each be substituted by one or two alkyl        groups, preferably by methyl and/or ethyl groups, preferably by        one methyl group,

-   R^(S1) and R^(S2), independently of one another, denote alkyl,    alkoxy, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group    may be replaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,    1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by    cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, alkenyl, alkenyloxy or    alkoxyalkyl and preferably alkyl or alkenyl, wherein one —CH₂— group    may be replaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,    1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by    cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentenylene,

-   alternatively R^(S1) denotes fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated    alkoxy, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, or fluorinated alkenyl    having 2 to 7 C atoms,    alternatively R^(S2) denotes X^(S)

-   X^(S) denotes F, Cl, CN, NCS, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated    alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy or fluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter    four groups preferably having 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, C atoms,    preferably F, Cl, CF₃ or OCF₃, more preferably F, CF₃ or OCF₃, most    preferably CF₃ or OCF₃, and

-   Y^(S1) and Y^(S2), independently of one another, denote H or F,    preferably one of them, most preferably both of them denote F, and    wherein the one or more, preferably one, of the aromatic rings may    optionally be substituted by an alkyl group, preferably by methyl,    and

-   b) one or more compounds one or more compounds of formula L

in which

-   R^(L1) and R^(L2), independently of one another, denote alkyl,    alkoxy, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group    may be replaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,    1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by    cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, alkenyl, alkenyloxy or    alkoxyalkyl and preferably alkyl or alkenyl, wherein one —CH₂— group    may be replaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,    1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by    cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene,-   alternatively R^(L1) denotes fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated    alkoxy, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, or fluorinated alkenyl    having 2 to 7 C atoms,    alternatively R^(L2) denotes X^(L)-   X^(L) denotes F, Cl, CN, NCS, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated    alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy or fluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter    four groups preferably having 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, C atoms,    preferably F, Cl, CF₃ or OCF₃, more preferably F, CF₃ or OCF₃, most    preferably CF₃ or OCF₃, most preferably CF₃, and-   Y^(L1) and Y^(L2), independently of one another, denote H or F,    preferably one of them, most preferably both of them denote H, and    wherein the aromatic ring may optionally be substituted by an alkyl    group, preferably by methyl, and-   c) optionally, preferably obligatorily, one or more compounds    selected from the group of compounds of formulae II and III,    preferably being dielectrically positive, preferably having a    dielectric anisotropy of 3 or more each:

in which

-   R² denotes alkyl, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxy    having 1 to 7 C atoms, alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkyl or    fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms and preferably alkyl or    alkenyl,    -   wherein one —CH₂— group may be replaced by cyclo-propylene,        1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene,        preferably by cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene,

-   -   on each appearance, independently of one another, denote

-   -   -   preferably

-   L²¹ and L²² denote independently of each other H or F, preferably    L²¹ denotes F,-   X² denotes halogen, halogenated alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 3 C    atoms or halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 or 3 C atoms,    preferably F, Cl, —OCF₃, —O—CH₂CF₃, —O—CH═CH₂, —O—CH═CF₂ or —CF₃,    very preferably F, Cl, —O—CH═CF₂ or —OCF₃,-   m denotes 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 or 2 and particularly    preferably 1,-   R³ denotes alkyl, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxy    having 1 to 7 C atoms, alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkyl or    fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms and preferably alkyl or    alkenyl,    -   wherein one —CH₂— group may be replaced by cyclo-propylene,        1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene,        preferably by cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, and

-   -   on each appearance, independently of one another, are

-   L³¹ and L³², independently of one another, denote H or F, preferably    L³¹ denotes F,-   X³ denotes halogen, halogenated alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 3 C    atoms or halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 or 3 C atoms, F,    Cl, —OCF₃, —OCHF₂, —O—CH₂CF₃, —O—CH═CF₂, —O—CH═CH₂ or —CF₃, very    preferably F, Cl, —O—CH═CF₂, —OCHF₂ or —OCF₃,-   Z³ denotes —CH₂CH₂—, —CF₂CF₂—, —COO—, trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF—,    —CH₂O— or a single bond, preferably —CH₂CH₂—, —COO—, trans-CH═CH— or    a single bond and very preferably —COO—, trans-CH═CH— or a single    bond, and-   n denotes 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1, 2 or 3 and particularly    preferably 1, and    wherein the one or more, preferably one, of the aromatic rings may    optionally be substituted by an alkyl group, preferably by methyl,    and-   d) optionally, preferably obligatorily, one or more compounds    selected from the group of formulae IV and V, preferably being    dielectrically neutral:

in which

-   R⁴¹ and R⁴², independently of one another, have the meaning    indicated above for R² under formula II, preferably R⁴¹ denotes    alkyl and R⁴² denotes alkyl or alkoxy or R⁴¹ denotes alkenyl and R⁴²    denotes alkyl, wherein one —CH₂— group may be replaced by    cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene,    1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by cyclopropylene or    1,3-cyclopentylene,

-   -   independently of one another and, if

occurs twice,

-   -   also these independently of one another, denote

-   -   preferably one or more of

-   -   denotes or denote,

-   Z⁴¹ and Z⁴², independently of one another and, if Z⁴¹ occurs twice,    also these independently of one another, denote —CH₂CH₂—, —COO—,    trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF—, —CH₂O—, —CF₂O—, —C≡C— or a single bond,    preferably one or more thereof denotes/denote a single bond, and-   p denotes 0, 1 or 2, preferably 0 or 1, and-   R⁵¹ and R⁵², independently of one another, have one of the meanings    given for R⁴¹ and R⁴² and preferably denote alkyl having 1 to 7 C    atoms, preferably n-alkyl, particularly preferably n-alkyl having 1    to 5 C atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably n-alkoxy,    particularly preferably n-alkoxy having 2 to 5 C atoms, alkoxyalkyl,    alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 7 C atoms, preferably having 2 to    4 C atoms, preferably alkenyloxy, wherein one —CH₂— group may be    replaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene,    1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by cyclopropylene or    1,3-cyclopentylene,

to

-   -   if present, each, independently of one another, denote

preferably

preferably

denotes

and, if present,

preferably denotes

-   Z⁵¹ to Z⁵³ each, independently of one another, denote —CH₂—CH₂—,    —CH₂—O—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —COO— or a single bond, preferably    —CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—O— or a single bond and particularly preferably a    single bond,-   i and j each, independently of one another, denote 0 or 1,-   (i+j) preferably denotes 0, 1 or 2, more preferably 0 or 1 and, most    preferably, 1, and    wherein the one or more, preferably one, of the aromatic rings    present may optionally be substituted by an alkyl group, preferably    by methyl.

Throughout this application 1,3-cyclopentenylene is a moiety selectedfrom the group of the formulae

preferably

most preferably

The liquid-crystalline media in accordance with the present applicationpreferably have a nematic phase.

The present invention also concerns the simultaneous use of thecompounds of formulae T and L, as shown above, wherein the parametershave the respective meanings, including the respective preferredmeanings, given above and below.

Preferably the compounds of formula T, which are used in the liquidcrystalline media according to the present application, are selectedfrom the group of compounds of formulae T-1 and T-2, preferably offormula T-1:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings given under formulaT above, with the exception that R^(S2) in formula T-1 may not denoteX^(S), andin which

-   R^(S) denotes alkyl, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated    alkoxy, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group    may be replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,    1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by    cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, alkenyl, alkenyloxy,    alkoxyalkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, wherein    one —CH₂— group may be replaced by cyclopropylene,    1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene,    preferably by cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene and preferably    alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy, most preferably alkoxy or    alkenyloxy, and-   X^(S) denotes F, Cl, CN, NCS, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated    alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy or fluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter    four groups preferably having 1 to 4 C atoms, preferably F, Cl, CF₃    or OCF₃, more preferably CF₃ or OCF₃.

Preferably the compounds of formula T-1, which are used in the liquidcrystalline media according to the present application, are selectedfrom the group of compounds of formulae T-1-1 to T-1-3, preferably fromformulae T-1-2 and T-1-3, most preferably from formula T-1-3:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings, including therespective preferred meanings, given above.

Preferably the compounds of formula T-2, which are used in the liquidcrystalline media according to the present application, are selectedfrom the group of compounds of formulae T-2-1 to T-2-3, preferably fromformulae T-2-2 and T-2-3, most preferably from formula T-2-3:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings, including therespective preferred meanings, given above.

The compounds of formula T, e.g., of formulae PPS-n-m, PGS-n-m, PUS-n-m,PPS-n-X, PGS-n-X and PUS-n-X (these formulae being defined below),wherein X is F, CF₃ or OCF₃, are prepared according to known syntheticroutes.

Preferably the compounds of formula L, which are used in the liquidcrystalline media according to the present application, are selectedfrom the group of compounds of formulae L-1 and L-2, preferably offormula L-1, more preferably both of formula L-1 and of formula L-2:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings given under formulaL above, with the exception that R^(L2) in formula L-1 may not denoteX^(L), andin which

-   R^(L) denotes alkyl, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated    alkoxy, preferably having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group    may be replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,    1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, preferably by    cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, alkenyl, alkenyloxy,    alkoxyalkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, wherein    one —CH₂— group may be replaced by cyclopropylene,    1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene,    preferably by cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene and preferably    alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy, most preferably alkoxy or    alkenyloxy,-   X^(L) denotes F, Cl, CN, NCS, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated    alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy or fluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter    four groups preferably having 1 to 4 C atoms, preferably F, Cl, CF₃    or OCF₃, more preferably CF₃ or OCF₃, most preferably CF₃. And    preferably-   R^(L1) is alkenyl, most preferably vinyl or 1-E-propenyl and/or-   R^(L2) is alkyl, more preferably n-alkyl, and most preferably    methyl, ethyl or propyl.

Preferably the compounds of formula L-1, which are used in the liquidcrystalline media according to the present application, are selectedfrom the group of compounds of formulae L-1-1 to L-1-3, preferably fromformulae L-1-1 and L-1-2, most preferably of formula L-1-1:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings, including therespective preferred meanings, given above.

Preferably the compounds of formula L-2, which are used in the liquidcrystalline media according to the present application, are selectedfrom the group of compounds of formulae L-2-1 to L-2-3, preferably fromformulae L-2-2 and L-2-3, most preferably of formula L-2-3:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings including therespective preferred meanings, given above and preferably

-   R^(L) is alkyl or alkenyl, preferably alkyl, preferably ethyl,    propyl or pentyl, most preferably ethyl or propyl,    and preferably    in formula L-2-1    X^(L) is OCF₃ or CF₃, most preferably CF₃,    in formula L-2-2    X^(L) is F, OCF₃ or CF₃, most preferably OCF₃, and    in formula L-2-3    X^(L) is F, OCF₃ or CF₃, most preferably F,

The compounds of formula L, e.g. of formulae CLP-V-n, CLP-1V-n andCLP-n-T (these formulae being defined below), are prepared according toknown synthetic routes.

The invention furthermore relates to a liquid-crystal display containinga liquid-crystalline medium according to the invention, in particular anIPS or FFS display, particularly preferably a FFS or SG-FFS display.

The invention furthermore relates to a liquid-crystal display of the IPSor FFS type comprising a liquid-crystal cell consisting of twosubstrates, where at least one substrate is transparent to light and atleast one substrate has an electrode layer, and a layer, located betweenthe substrates, of a liquid-crystalline medium comprising a polymerisedcomponent and a low-molecular-weight component, where the polymerisedcomponent is obtainable by polymerisation of one or more polymerisablecompounds in the liquid-crystalline medium between the substrates of theliquid-crystal cell, preferably with application of an electricalvoltage and where the low-molecular-weight component is a liquid-crystalmixture according to the invention as described above and below.

The displays in accordance with the present invention are preferablyaddressed by an active matrix (active matrix LCDs, AMDs for short),preferably by a matrix of thin-film transistors (TFTs). However, theliquid crystals according to the invention can also be used in anadvantageous manner in displays having other known addressing means.

The invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of aliquid-crystalline medium according to the invention by mixing one ormore compounds of formulae T and L, preferably selected from the groupof compounds of formulae T-1 and/or T-2 with one or more compounds offormulae L-1 and/or L-2 with one or more low-molecular-weightliquid-crystalline compounds, or a liquid-crystal mixture and optionallywith further liquid-crystalline compounds and/or additives.

The following meanings apply above and below:

The term “mesogenic group” is known to the person skilled in the art andis described in the literature, and denotes a group which, due to theanisotropy of its attracting and repelling interactions, essentiallycontributes to causing a liquid-crystalline (LC) phase inlow-molecular-weight or polymeric substances. Compounds containingmesogenic groups (mesogenic compounds) do not necessarily have to have aliquid-crystalline phase themselves. It is also possible for mesogeniccompounds to exhibit liquid-crystalline phase behaviour only aftermixing with other compounds and/or after polymerisation. Typicalmesogenic groups are, for example, rigid rod- or disc-shaped units. Anoverview of the terms and definitions used in connection with mesogenicor liquid-crystalline compounds is given in Pure Appl. Chem. 73(5), 888(2001) and C. Tschierske, G. PeIzI, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, 116,6340-6368.

The term “spacer group” or “spacer” for short, also referred to as “Sp”above and below, is known to the person skilled in the art and isdescribed in the literature, see, for example, Pure Appl. Chem. 73(5),888 (2001) and C. Tschierske, G. PeIzI, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004,116, 6340-6368. Unless indicated otherwise, the term “spacer group” or“spacer” above and below denotes a flexible group which connects themesogenic group and the polymerisable group(s) to one another in apolymerisable mesogenic compound.

For the purposes of this invention, the term “liquid-crystalline medium”is intended to denote a medium which comprises a liquid-crystal mixtureand one or more polymerisable compounds (such as, for example, reactivemesogens). The term “liquid-crystal mixture” (or “host mixture”) isintended to denote a liquid-crystalline mixture which consistsexclusively of unpolymerisable, low-molecular-weight compounds,preferably of two or more liquid-crystalline compounds and optionallyfurther additives, such as, for example, chiral dopants or stabilisers.

Particular preference is given to liquid-crystal mixtures andliquid-crystalline media which have a nematic phase, in particular atroom temperature.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid-crystalmedium comprises one or more, preferably dielectrically positive,compounds preferably having a dielectric anisotropy of 3 or more,selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae II-1 and II-2:

in which the parameters have the respective meanings indicated aboveunder formula II, and L²³ and L²⁴, independently of one another, denoteH or F, preferably L²³ denotes F, and

has one of the meanings given for

and, in the case of formulae II-1 and II-2, X² preferably denotes F orOCF₃, particularly preferably F, and, in the case of formulaI-2, and

independently of one another, preferably denote

and/or selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae III-1and III-2:

in which the parameters have the meanings given under formula III,and the media in accordance with the present invention may comprise,alternatively or in addition to the compounds of the formulae III-1and/or III-2, one or more compounds of the formula III-3

in which the parameters have the respective meanings indicated above,and the parameters L³¹ and L³², independently of one another and of theother parameters, denote H or F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises compounds selected fromthe group of the compounds of the formulae II-1 and II-2 in which L²¹and L²² and/or L²³ and L²⁴ both denote F.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystal medium comprises compoundsselected from the group of the compounds of the formulae II-1 and II-2in which L²¹, L²², L²³ and L²⁴ all denote F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula II-1. The compounds of the formula II-1 are preferablyselected from the group of the compounds of the formulae II-1a to II-1e,preferably one or more compounds of formulae II-1a and/or II-1b and/orII-1d, preferably of formula II-1a and/or II-1d or II-1b and/or II-1d,most preferably of formula II-1d:

in which the parameters have the respective meanings indicated above,and L²⁵ and L²⁶, independently of one another and of the otherparameters, denote H or F, and preferablyin the formulae II-1a and II-1b,L²¹ and L²² both denote F,in the formulae II-1c and II-1 d,L²¹ and L²² both denote F and/or L²³ and L²⁴ both denote F, andin formula II-1e,L²¹, L²² and L²³ denote F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula II-2, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae II-2a to II-2k, preferably one or morecompounds each of formulae II-2a and/or II-2h and/or II-2i:

in which the parameters have the respective meanings indicated above,and L²⁵ to L²⁸, independently of one another, denote H or F, preferablyL²⁷ and L²⁸ both denote H, particularly preferably L²⁶ denotes H.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises compounds selected fromthe group of the compounds of the formulae II-1a to II-1e in which L²¹and L²² both denote F and/or L²³ and L²⁴ both denote F.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystal medium comprises compoundsselected from the group of the compounds of the formulae II-2a to II-2kin which L²¹, L²², L²³ and L²⁴ all denote F.

Especially preferred compounds of the formula II-2 are the compounds ofthe following formulae, particularly preferred of formulae II-2a-1and/or II-2h-1 and/or II-2k-2:

in which R² and X² have the meanings indicated above, and X² preferablydenotes F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-1. The compounds of the formula III-1 are preferablyselected from the group of the compounds of the formulae III-1a toIII-1j, preferably from formulae III-1c, III-1f, III-1g and III-1j:

in which the parameters have the meanings given above and preferably inwhich the parameters have the respective meanings indicated above, theparameters L³⁵ and L³⁶, independently of one another and of the otherparameters, denote H or F, and the parameters L³⁵ and L³⁶, independentlyof one another and of the other parameters, denote H or F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-1c, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-1c-1 to III-1c-5, preferably of formulaeIII-1c-1 and/or III-1c-2, most preferably of formula III-1c-1:

in which R³ has the meaning indicated above.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-1f, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-1f-1 to III-1f-6, preferably of formulae

III-1f-1 and/or III-1f-2 and/or III-1f-3 and/or III-1f-6, morepreferably of formula III-1f-3 and/or III-1f-6, more preferably offormula III-1f-6:

in which R³ has the meaning indicated above.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-1g, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-1g-1 to III-1g-5, preferably of formulaIII-1g-3:

in which R³ has the meaning indicated above.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-1h, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-1h-1 to III-1h-3, preferably of theformula III-1h-3:

in which the parameters have the meanings given above, and X³ preferablydenotes F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-1i, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-1i-1 and III-1i-2, preferably of theformula III-1i-2:

in which the parameters have the meanings given above, and X³ preferablydenotes F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-1j, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-1j-1 and III-1j-2, preferably of theformula III-1j-1:

in which the parameters have the meanings given above.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-2. The compounds of the formula III-2 are preferablyselected from the group of the compounds of the formulae III-2a andIII-2b, preferably of formula III-2b:

in which the parameters have the respective meanings indicated above,and the parameters L³³ and L³⁴, independently of one another and of theother parameters, denote H or F.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-2a, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-2a-1 to III-2a-6:

in which R³ has the meaning indicated above.

The liquid-crystal medium preferably comprises one or more compounds ofthe formula III-2b, which are preferably selected from the group of thecompounds of the formulae III-2b-1 to III-2b-4, preferably

in which R³ has the meaning indicated above.

Alternatively or in addition to the compounds of the formulae III-1and/or III-2, the media in accordance with the present invention maycomprise one or more compounds of the formula III-3

in which the parameters have the respective meanings indicated aboveunder formula III.

These compounds are preferably selected from the group of the formulaeIII-3a and III-3b:

in which R³ has the meaning indicated above.

The liquid-crystalline media in accordance with the present inventionpreferably comprise one or more dielectrically neutral compounds,preferably having a dielectric anisotropy in the range from −1.5 to 3,preferably selected from the group of the compounds of the formulae VI,VII, VIII and IX.

In the present application, the elements all include their respectiveisotopes. In particular, one or more H in the compounds may be replacedby D. and this is also particularly preferred in some embodiments. Acorrespondingly high degree of deuteration of the correspondingcompounds enables, for example, detection and recognition of thecompounds. This is very helpful in some cases, in particular in the caseof the compounds of formula I.

In the present application,

-   alkyl particularly preferably denotes straight-chain alkyl, in    particular CH₃—, C₂H₅—, n-C₃H₇—, n-C₄H₉— or n-C₅H₁₁—, and-   alkenyl particularly preferably denotes CH₂═CH—, E-CH₃—CH═CH—,    -   CH₂═CH═CH₂—CH₂—, E-CH₃—CH═CH—CH₂—CH₂— or E-(n-C₃H₇)—CH═CH—.

In a further preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or morecompounds of formula IV, preferably

one or more compounds of formula IV-A

in which

-   R⁴¹ denotes an unsubstituted alkyl radical having 1 to 7 C atoms or    an unsubstituted alkenyl radical having 2 to 7 C atoms, preferably    an n-alkyl radical, particularly preferably having 2, 3, 4 or 5 C    atoms, and-   R⁴² denotes an unsubstituted alkyl radical having 1 to 7 C atoms, an    unsubstituted alkenyl radical having 2 to 7 C atoms, or an    unsubstituted alkoxy radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, both preferably    having 2 to 5 C atoms, an unsubstituted alkenyl radical having 2 to    7 C atoms, preferably having 2, 3 or 4 C atoms, more preferably a    vinyl radical or 1-propenyl radical and in particular a vinyl    radical.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or morecompounds of formula IV-A selected from the group of the compounds ofthe formulae IV-1 to IV-4, preferably of formula IV-1,

in which

-   alkyl and alkyl′, independently of one another, denote alkyl having    1 to 7 C atoms, preferably having 2 to 5 C atoms,-   alkenyl and alkenyl′ independently of one another, denote an alkenyl    radical having 2 to 5 C atoms, preferably having 2 to 4 C atoms,    particularly preferably 2 C atoms,-   alkenyl′ denotes an alkenyl radical having 2 to 5 C atoms,    preferably having 2 to 4 C atoms, particularly preferably having 2    to 3 C atoms, and-   alkoxy denotes alkoxy having 1 to 5 C atoms, preferably having 2 to    4 C atoms.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the media according to theinvention comprise one or more compounds of formula IV-1 and/or one ormore compounds of formula IV-2.

In a further preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or morecompounds of formula V.

The media according to the invention preferably comprise the followingcompounds in the total concentrations indicated:

-   -   5-60% by weight of one or more compounds selected from the group        of the compounds of formula T and    -   5-60% preferably 10-by 50% weight of one or more compounds        selected from the group of the compounds of formula L and/or    -   5-60% by weight of one or more compounds of formula II,        preferably selected from the group of the compounds of the        formulae II-1 and II-2 and/or    -   5-25% by weight of one or more compounds of formula III, and/or    -   5-45% by weight of one or more compounds of formula IV and/or    -   5-25% by weight of one or more compounds of formula V,    -   where the total content of all compounds of formulae T, L, and        II to V, which are present, in the medium preferably is 95% or        more and, more preferably 100%.

The latter condition is preferred for all media according to the presentapplication.

In a further preferred embodiment, the media in accordance with thepresent invention in addition to the compounds of formula T or thepreferred sub-formulae thereof, preferably comprise one or more,preferably dielectrically neutral, compounds selected from the group ofcompounds of formulae IV and V preferably in a total concentration inthe range from 5% or more to 90% or less, preferably from 10% or more to80% or less, particularly preferably from 20% or more to 70% or less.

The medium according to the invention in a particularly preferredembodiment comprises one or more compounds of formula II in a totalconcentration in the range from 5% or more to 50% or less, preferably inthe range from 10% or more to 40% or less.

Preferably the concentration of the compounds of formula T in the mediaaccording to the invention is in the range from 1% or more to 60% orless, more preferably from 5% or more to 50% or less, most preferablyfrom 8% or more to 45% or less.

Preferably the concentration of the compounds of formula L in the mediaaccording to the invention is in the range from 1% or more to 60% orless, more preferably from 5% or more to 40% or less, most preferablyfrom 8% or more to 35% or less.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the concentration ofthe compounds of formula II in the media is in the range from 3% or moreto 60% or less, more preferably from 5% or more to 55% or less, morepreferably from 10% or more to 50% or less and, most preferably, from15% or more to 45% or less.

The present invention also relates to electro-optical displays orelectro-optical components which contain liquid-crystalline mediaaccording to the invention. Preference is given to electro-opticaldisplays which are based on the VA, ECB, IPS or FFS effect, preferablyon the VA; IPS or FFS effect, and in particular those which areaddressed by means of an active-matrix addressing device.

Accordingly, the present invention likewise relates to the use of aliquid-crystalline medium according to the invention in anelectro-optical display or in an electro-optical component, and to aprocess for the preparation of the liquid-crystalline media according tothe invention, characterised in that one or more compounds of formula Tpreferably of the sub-formulae T-1 and/or T-2, are mixed with one ormore compounds of formula L, preferably with one or more compounds ofthe sub-formulae L-1 and/or L-2 and/or with one or more compoundsselected from of formulae IV and V, and or with one or more compounds offormulae II-1, II-2 and one or more further compounds, preferablyselected from the group of the compounds of the formulae IV and V, morepreferably with one or more compounds both of formula IV and of formulaV.

In a further preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or morecompounds of formula IV, selected from the group of the compounds of theformulae IV-2 and IV-3,

in which

-   alkyl and alkyl′, independently of one another, denote alkyl having    1 to 7 C atoms, preferably having 2 to 5 C atoms,-   alkoxy denotes alkoxy having 1 to 5 C atoms, preferably having 2 to    4 C atoms.

In a further preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or morecompounds of formula V selected from the group of the compounds of theformulae V-1 and V-2, preferably of formulae V-1,

in which the parameters have the meanings given above under formula V,and preferably

-   R⁵¹ denotes alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms or alkenyl having 2 to 7 C    atoms, and-   R⁵² denotes alkyl having 1 to 7 C atoms, alkenyl having 2 to 7 C    atoms or alkoxy having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably alkyl or alkenyl,    particularly preferably alkyl.

In a further preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or morecompounds of formula V-1 selected from the group of the compounds of theformulae V-1a and V-1b,

in which

-   alkyl and alkyl′, independently of one another, denote alkyl having    1 to 7 C atoms, preferably having 2 to 5 C atoms, and-   alkenyl denotes alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, preferably having 2    to 5 C atoms.

In addition, the present invention relates to a method for the reductionof the wavelength dispersion of the birefringence of aliquid-crystalline medium which comprises one or more compounds offormula II, optionally one or more compounds selected from the group ofthe compounds of formula IV and/or one or more compounds of formula V,characterised in that one or more compounds each of formulae T and L areused in the medium.

Besides compounds of the formulae T, L and II to V, other constituentsmay also be present, for example in an amount of up to 35%, butpreferably up to 25%, in particular up to 10%, of the mixture as awhole.

The media according to the invention may optionally also comprise adielectrically positive component, whose total concentration ispreferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less, based on the entiremedium.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystal media according to theinvention comprise in total, based on the mixture as a whole,

1% or more to 50% or less, preferably 2% or more to 35% or less,particularly preferably 3% or more to 25% or less, of the compounds offormula T,

1% or more to 20% or less, preferably 2% or more to 15% or less,particularly preferably 3% or more to 12% or less, of the compound offormula L.

20% or more to 50% or less, preferably 25% or more to 45% or less,particularly preferably 30% or more to 40% or less, of compounds offormulae II and/or III, and

0% or more to 35% or less, preferably 2% or more to 30% or less,particularly preferably 3% or more to 25% or less, of compounds offormulae IV and/or V, and

The liquid-crystal media in accordance with the present invention maycomprise one or more chiral compounds.

Particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention meet one ormore of the following conditions,

where the acronyms (abbreviations) are explained in Tables A to C andillustrated by examples in Table D.

In a preferred embodiment of the present application the compounds offormula T, which are preferred as such and are used preferably in theliquid crystalline media, wherein Y^(S1) is F and Y^(S2) is H, and,alternatively, compounds of formula T, wherein both Y^(S1) and Y^(S2)are F.

Preferably the media according to the present invention fulfil one ormore of the following conditions.

-   i. The liquid-crystalline medium has a birefringence of 0.060 or    more, particularly preferably 0.070 or more.-   ii. The liquid-crystalline medium has a birefringence of 0.250 or    less, particularly preferably 0.220 or less.-   iii. The liquid-crystalline medium comprises one or more    particularly preferred compounds of formula I-4.-   iv. The total concentration of the compounds of formula IV in the    mixture as a whole is 25% or more, preferably 30% or more, and is    preferably in the range from 25% or more to 49% or less,    particularly preferably in the range from 29% or more to 47% or    less, and very particularly preferably in the range from 37% or more    to 44% or less.-   v. The liquid-crystalline medium comprises one or more compounds of    formula IV selected from the group of the compounds of the following    formulae: CC-n-V and/or CC-n-Vm and/or CC-V-V and/or CC-V-Vn and/or    CC-nV-Vn, particularly preferably CC-3-V, preferably in a    concentration of up to 60% or less, particularly preferably up to    50% or less, and optionally additionally CC-3-V1, preferably in a    concentration of up to 15% or less, and/or CC-4-V, preferably in a    concentration of up to 24% or less, particularly preferably up to    30% or less.-   vi. The media preferably comprise the compound of formula CC-n-V,    preferably CC-3-V, preferably in a concentration of 1% or more to    60% or less, more preferably in a concentration of 20% or more to    55% or less, more preferably in a concentration of 30% or more to    50% or less.-   vii. The total concentration of the compounds of formula CLY-n-Om in    the mixture as a whole is 5% or more to 40% or less, preferably 10%    or more to 30% or less.-   viii. The liquid-crystalline medium comprises one or more compounds    of formula IV, preferably of the formulae IV-1 and/or IV-2,    preferably in a total concentration of 1% or more, in particular 2%    or more, and very particularly preferably 3% or more to 50% or less,    preferably 35% or less.-   ix. The liquid-crystalline medium comprises one or more compounds of    formula V, preferably of the formulae V-1 and/or V-2, preferably in    a total concentration of 1% or more, in particular 2% or more, and    very particularly preferably 15% or more to 35% or less, preferably    to 30% or less.-   x. The total concentration of the compounds of formula CCP-V-n,    preferably CCP-V-1, in the mixture as a whole preferably is 5% or    more to 30% or less, preferably 15% or more to 25% or less.-   xi. The total concentration of the compounds of formula CCP-V2-n,    preferably CCP-V2-1, in the mixture as a whole preferably is 1% or    more to 15% or less, preferably 2% or more to 10% or less.

The invention furthermore relates to an electro-optical display havingactive-matrix addressing based on the VA, ECB, IPS, FFS or UB-FFSeffect, characterised in that it contains, as dielectric, aliquid-crystalline medium in accordance with the present invention.

The liquid-crystal mixture preferably has a nematic phase range having awidth of at least 70 degrees.

The rotational viscosity γ₁ is preferably 200 mPa·s or less, preferably150·s or less and, in particular, 120 mPa·s or less.

The mixtures according to the invention are suitable for all IPS andFFS-TFT applications using dielectrically positive liquid crystallinemedia.

The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention preferablyvirtually completely consist of 4 to 18, in particular 5 to 15, andparticularly preferably 12 or less, compounds. These are preferablyselected from the group of the compounds of the formulae T, L, II, III,IV and V.

The liquid-crystalline media according to the invention may optionallyalso comprise more than 18 compounds. In this case, they preferablycomprise 18 to 25 compounds.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystal media according to theinvention predominantly consist of, preferably essentially consist ofand, most preferably, virtually completely consist of compounds which donot comprise a cyano group.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystal media according to theinvention comprise compounds selected from the group of the compounds ofthe formulae T, L, II and III, IV and V, preferably selected from thegroup of the compounds of the formulae T, preferably selected from T-1and T-2, L, preferably selected from L-1 and L-2, II, preferablyselected from II-1 and II-2, III, preferably selected from III-1 andIII-2, IV and V. They preferably consist predominantly, particularlypreferably essentially and very particularly preferably virtuallycompletely of the compounds of the said formulae.

The liquid-crystal media according to the invention preferably have anematic phase from in each case at least −10° C. or less to 70° C. ormore, particularly preferably from −20° C. or less to 80° C. or more,very particularly preferably from −30° C. or less to 85° C. or more andmost preferably from −40° C. or less to 90° C. or more.

The expression “have a nematic phase” here means on the one hand that nosmectic phase and no crystallisation are observed at low temperatures atthe corresponding temperature and on the other hand that no clearingoccurs on heating out of the nematic phase. The investigation at lowtemperatures is carried out in a flow viscometer at the correspondingtemperature and checked by storage in test cells having a cell thicknesscorresponding to the electro-optical application for at least 100 hours.If the storage stability at a temperature of −20° C. in a correspondingtest cell is 1000 h or more, the medium is regarded as stable at thistemperature. At temperatures of −30° C. and −40° C., the correspondingtimes are 500 h and 250 h respectively. At high temperatures, theclearing point is measured in capillaries by conventional methods.

The liquid-crystal media according to the invention preferably haverelatively low values for the threshold voltage (Vol in the range from1.0 V or more to 2.7 V or less, preferably from 1.2 V or more to 2.5 Vor less, particularly preferably from 1.3 V or more to 2.2 V or less.

In addition, the liquid-crystal media according to the invention havehigh values for the VHR in liquid-crystal cells.

In freshly filled cells at 20° C. in the cells, these values of the VHRare greater than or equal to 95%, preferably greater than or equal to97%, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 98% and veryparticularly preferably greater than or equal to 99%, and after 5minutes in the oven at 100° C. in the cells, these are greater than orequal to 90%, preferably greater than or equal to 93%, particularlypreferably greater than or equal to 96% and very particularly preferablygreater than or equal to 98%.

In general, liquid-crystal media having a low addressing voltage orthreshold voltage here have a lower VHR than those having a higheraddressing voltage or threshold voltage, and vice versa.

These preferred values for the individual physical properties arepreferably also in each case maintained by the media according to theinvention in combination with one another.

In the present application, the term “compounds”, also written as“compound(s)”, means both one and also a plurality of compounds, unlessexplicitly indicated otherwise.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystalline media according to theinvention comprise:

one or more compounds of formula T-1 andone or more compounds of formula T-2, and/orone or more compounds of formulae L-1 and/or L-2 preferably one orcompounds of formulae L-1 and L-2 and/orone or more compounds of formula II, preferably selected form the groupof formulaePUQU-n-F, CDUQU-n-F, APUQU-n-F and PGUQU-n-F, and/orone or more compounds of formula III, preferably selected form the groupof formulaeCCP-n-OT, CLP-n-T, CGG-n-F, and CGG-n-OD, and/orone or more compounds of formula IV, preferably selected form the groupof formulaeCC-n-V, CC-n-Vm, CC-n-m, and CC-V-V and/orone or more compounds of formula V, preferably selected form the groupof formulaeCCP-n-m, CCP-V-n, CCP-V2-n, CLP-V-n, CCVC-n-V, and CGP-n-m and/oroptionally, preferably obligatorily, one or more compounds of formulaIV, preferably selected from the group of the compounds of the formulaeCC-n-V, CC-n-Vm and CC-nV-Vm, preferably CC-3-V, CC-3-V1, CC-4-V, CC-5-Vand CC-V-V, particularly preferably selected from the group of thecompounds CC-3-V, CC-3-V1, CC-4-V and CC-V-V, very particularlypreferably the compound CC-3-V, and optionally additionally thecompound(s) CC-4-V and/or CC-3-V1 and/or CC-V-V, and/oroptionally, preferably obligatorily, one or more compounds of formula V,preferably of the formulae CCP-V-1 and/or CCP-V2-1.

For the present invention, the following definitions apply in connectionwith the specification of the constituents of the compositions, unlessindicated otherwise in individual cases:

-   -   “comprise”: the concentration of the constituents in question in        the composition is preferably 5% or more, particularly        preferably 10% or more, very particularly preferably 20% or        more,    -   “predominantly consist of”: the concentration of the        constituents in question in the composition is preferably 50% or        more, particularly preferably 55% or more and very particularly        preferably 60% or more,    -   “essentially consist of”: the concentration of the constituents        in question in the composition is preferably 80% or more,        particularly preferably 90% or more and very particularly        preferably 95% or more, and    -   “virtually completely consist of”: the concentration of the        constituents in question in the composition is preferably 98% or        more, particularly preferably 99% or more and very particularly        preferably 100.0%.

This applies both to the media as compositions with their constituents,which can be components and compounds, and also to the components withtheir constituents, the compounds. Only in relation to the concentrationof an individual compound relative to the medium as a whole does theterm comprise mean: the concentration of the compound in question ispreferably 1% or more, particularly preferably 2% or more, veryparticularly preferably 4% or more.

For the present invention, “≤” means less than or equal to, preferablyless than, and “≥” means greater than or equal to, preferably greaterthan.

For the present invention,

denote trans-1,4-cyclohexylene,

denotes 1,4-cyclohexylene, preferably trans-1,4-cyclohexylene,

denote 1,4-phenylene.

For the present invention, the expression “dielectrically positivecompounds” means compounds having a Δε of >1.5, the expression“dielectrically neutral compounds” generally means those where−1.5≤Δε≤1.5 and the expression “dielectrically negative compounds” meansthose where Δε<−1.5. The dielectric anisotropy of the compounds isdetermined here by dissolving 10% of the compounds in aliquid-crystalline host and determining the capacitance of the resultantmixture in each case in at least one test cell having a cell thicknessof 20 μm with homeotropic and with homogeneous surface alignment at atemperature of 20° C. and at a frequency of 1 kHz. The measurementvoltage is typically 1.0 V, but is always lower than the capacitivethreshold of the respective liquid-crystal mixture investigated.

The host mixture used for dielectrically positive and dielectricallyneutral compounds is ZLI-4792 and that used for dielectrically negativecompounds is ZLI-2857, both from Merck KGaA, Germany. The values for therespective compounds to be investigated are obtained from the change inthe dielectric constant of the host mixture after addition of thecompound to be investigated and extrapolation to 100% of the compoundemployed. The compound to be investigated is dissolved in the hostmixture in an amount of 10%. If the solubility of the substance is toolow for this purpose, the concentration is halved in steps until theinvestigation can be carried out at the desired temperature.

The liquid-crystal media according to the invention may, if necessary,also comprise further additives, such as, for example, stabilisersand/or pleochroic, e.g. dichroitic, dyes and/or chiral dopants in theusual amounts. The amount of these additives employed is preferably intotal 0% or more to 10% or less, based on the amount of the entiremixture, particularly preferably 0.1% or more to 6% or less. Theconcentration of the individual compounds employed is preferably 0.1% ormore to 3% or less. The concentration of these and similar additives isgenerally not taken into account when specifying the concentrations andconcentration ranges of the liquid-crystal compounds in theliquid-crystal media.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid-crystal media according to theinvention comprise a polymer precursor which comprises one or morereactive compounds, preferably reactive mesogens, and, if necessary,also further additives, such as, for example, polymerisation initiatorsand/or polymerisation moderators, in the usual amounts. The amount ofthese additives employed is in total 0% or more to 10% or less, based onthe amount of the entire mixture, preferably 0.1% or more to 2% or less.The concentration of these and similar additives is not taken intoaccount when specifying the concentrations and concentration ranges ofthe liquid-crystal compounds in the liquid-crystal media.

The compositions consist of a plurality of compounds, preferably 3 ormore to 30 or fewer, particularly preferably 6 or more to 20 or fewerand very particularly preferably 10 or more to 16 or fewer compounds,which are mixed in a conventional manner. In general, the desired amountof the components used in lesser amount is dissolved in the componentsmaking up the principal constituent of the mixture. This isadvantageously carried out at elevated temperature. If the selectedtemperature is above the clearing point of the principal constituent,completion of the dissolution operation is particularly easy to observe.However, it is also possible to prepare the liquid-crystal mixtures inother conventional ways, for example using pre-mixes or from a so-called“multi-bottle system”.

The mixtures according to the invention exhibit very broad nematic phaseranges having clearing points of 65° C. or more, very favourable valuesfor the capacitive threshold, relatively high values for the voltageholding ratio (VHR) and at the same time very good low-temperaturestabilities at −30° C. and −40° C. Furthermore, the mixtures accordingto the invention are distinguished by low rotational viscosities γ₁.

It goes without saying to the person skilled in the art that the mediaaccording to the invention for use in VA, IPS, FFS or PALC displays mayalso comprise compounds in which, for example, H, N, O, Cl, F have beenreplaced by the corresponding isotopes.

The structure of the liquid-crystal displays according to the inventioncorresponds to the usual geometry, as described, for example, in EP-A 0240 379.

The liquid-crystal phases according to the invention can be modified bymeans of suitable additives in such a way that they can be employed inany type of, for example, IPS and FFS LCD display that has beendisclosed to date.

Table E below indicates possible dopants which can be added to themixtures according to the invention. If the mixtures comprise one ormore dopants, it is (they are) employed in amounts of 0.01% to 4%,preferably 0.1% to 1.0%.

Stabilisers which can be added, for example, to the mixtures accordingto the invention, preferably in amounts of 0.01% to 6%, in particular0.1% to 3%, are shown below in Table F.

For the purposes of the present invention, all concentrations are,unless explicitly noted otherwise, indicated in percent by weight andrelate to the corresponding mixture as a whole or to the respectivemixture component, again as a whole, unless explicitly indicatedotherwise. In this context the term “the mixture” describes the liquidcrystalline medium.

All temperature values indicated in the present application, such as,for example, the melting point T(C,N), the smectic (S) to nematic (N)phase transition T(S,N) and the clearing point T(N,I), are indicated indegrees Celsius (° C.) and all temperature differences arecorrespondingly indicated in differential degrees (° or degrees), unlessexplicitly indicated otherwise.

For the present invention, the term “threshold voltage” relates to thecapacitive threshold (V₀), also known as the Freedericks threshold,unless explicitly indicated otherwise.

All physical properties are and have been determined in accordance with“Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals”, statusNovember 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and apply for a temperature of 20°C., and Δn is determined at 436 nm, 589 nm and at 633 nm, and Δε at 1kHz, unless explicitly indicated otherwise in each case.

The electro-optical properties, for example the threshold voltage (V₀)(capacitive measurement), are, as is the switching behaviour, determinedin test cells produced at Merck Japan. The measurement cells havesoda-lime glass substrates and are constructed in an ECB or VAconfiguration with polyimide alignment layers (SE-1211 with diluent **26(mixing ratio 1:1), both from Nissan Chemicals, Japan), which have beenrubbed perpendicularly to one another and effect homeotropic alignmentof the liquid crystals. The surface area of the transparent, virtuallysquare ITO electrodes is 1 cm².

Unless indicated otherwise, a chiral dopant is not added to theliquid-crystal mixtures used, but the latter are also particularlysuitable for applications in which doping of this type is necessary.

The rotational viscosity is determined using the rotating permanentmagnet method and the flow viscosity in a modified Ubbelohde viscometer.For liquid-crystal mixtures ZLI-2293, ZLI-4792 and MLC-6608, allproducts from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, the rotational viscosityvalues determined at 20° C. are 161 mPa·s, 133 mPa·s and 186 mPa·srespectively, and the flow viscosity values (v) are 21 mm²·s⁻¹, 14mm²·s⁻¹ and 27 mm²·s⁻¹, respectively.

The dispersion of the refractive index of the materials may forpractical purposes be conveniently characterized in the following way,which is used throughout this application unless explicitly statedotherwise. The values of the birefringence are determined at atemperature of 20° C. at several fixed wavelengths using a modified Abbérefractometer with homeotropically aligning surfaces on the sides of theprisms in contact with the material. The birefringence values aredetermined at the specific wavelength values of 436 nm (respectiveselected spectral line of a low pressure mercury lamp), 589 nm (sodium“D” line) and 633 nm (wavelength of a HE-Ne laser (used in combinationwith an attenuator/diffusor in order to prevent damage to the eyes ofthe observers. In the following table Δn is given at 589 nm and Δ(Δn) isgiven as Δ(Δn)=Δn(436 nm)−Δn(633 nm).

The following symbols are used, unless explicitly indicated otherwise:

-   V₀ threshold voltage, capacitive [V] at 20° C.,-   n_(e) extraordinary refractive index measured at 20° C. and 589 nm,-   n_(o) ordinary refractive index measured at 20° C. and 589 nm,-   Δn optical anisotropy measured at 20° C. and 589 nm,-   λ wavelength λ [nm],-   Δn(λ) optical anisotropy measured at 20° C. and wavelength λ,-   Δ(Δn) change in optical anisotropy defined as: Δn(20° C., 436    nm)−Δn(20° C., 633 nm),-   Δ(Δn*) “relative change in optical anisotropy” defined as:    Δ(Δn)/Δn(20° C., 589 nm),-   ε_(⊥) dielectric susceptibility perpendicular to the director at    20° C. and 1 kHz,-   ε_(∥) dielectric susceptibility parallel to the director at 20° C.    and 1 kHz,-   Δε dielectric anisotropy (Δε=ε_(∥)−ε_(⊥)) at 20° C. and 1 kHz,-   ε_(av.) average dielectric susceptibility (ε_(av.)=⅓[ε_(∥)+2ε_(⊥)]    at 20° C. and 1 kHz,-   T(N,I) or cl.p. clearing point [° C.],-   v flow viscosity measured at 20° C. [mm²·s⁻¹],-   γ₁ rotational viscosity measured at 20° C. [mPa·s],-   k₁₁ elastic constant, “splay” deformation at 20° C. [pN],-   k₂₂ elastic constant, “twist” deformation at 20° C. [pN],-   k₃₃ elastic constant, “bend” deformation at 20° C. [pN],-   LTS low-temperature stability of the phase, determined in test    cells,-   VHR voltage holding ratio,-   ΔVHR decrease in the voltage holding ratio, and-   S_(rel) relative stability of the VHR,

The following examples explain the present invention without limitingit. However, they show the person skilled in the art preferred mixtureconcepts with compounds preferably to be employed and the respectiveconcentrations thereof and combinations thereof with one another. Inaddition, the examples illustrate the properties and propertycombinations that are accessible.

For the present invention and in the following examples, the structuresof the liquid-crystal compounds are indicated by means of acronyms, withthe transformation into chemical formulae taking place in accordancewith Tables A to C below. All radicals C_(n)H_(2n+1), C_(m)H_(2m+1) andC_(l)H_(2l+1) or C_(n)H_(2n), C_(m)H_(2m) and C_(l)H_(2l) arestraight-chain alkyl radicals or alkylene radicals, in each case havingn, m and l C atoms respectively. Preferably n, m and l are independentlyof each other 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7. Table A shows the codes for thering elements of the nuclei of the compound, Table B lists the bridgingunits, and Table C lists the meanings of the symbols for the left- andright-hand end groups of the molecules. The acronyms are composed of thecodes for the ring elements with optional linking groups, followed by afirst hyphen and the codes for the left-hand end group, and a secondhyphen and the codes for the right-hand end group. Table D showsillustrative structures of compounds together with their respectiveabbreviations.

TABLE A Ring elements C

D

DI

A

AI

P

G

GI

U

UI

Y

P(F, CI)Y

P(CI, F)Y

np

n3f

nN3fI

th

thI

tH2f

tH2fI

o2f

o2fI

dh

B

B(S)

K

KI

L

LI

F

FI

S

TABLE B Bridging units E —CH₂—CH₂— V —CH═CH— T —C≡C— W —CF₂—CF₂— B—CF═CF— Z —CO—O— ZI —O—CO— X —CF═CH— XI —CH═CF— O —CH₂—O— OI —O—CH₂— Q—CF₂—O— QI —O—CF₂—

TABLE C End groups On the left individually or in combination On theright individually or in combination —n— C_(n)H_(2n+1)— —n—C_(n)H_(2n+1) —nO— C_(n)H_(2n+1)—O— —On —O—C_(n)H_(2n+1) —V— CH₂═CH— —V—CH═CH₂ —nV— C_(n)H_(2n+1)—CH═CH— —nV —C_(n)H_(2n)—CH═CH₂ —Vn—CH₂═CH—C_(n)H_(2n)— —Vn —CH═CH—C_(n)H_(2n+1) —nVm—C_(n)H_(2n+1)—CH═CH—C_(m)H_(2m)— —nVm —C_(n)H_(2n)—CH═CH—C_(m)H_(2m+1)—N— N≡C— —N —C≡N —S— S═C═N— —S —N═C═S —F— F— —F —F —CL— Cl— —CL —Cl —M—CFH₂— —M —CFH₂ —D— CF₂H— —D —CF₂H —T— CF₃— —T —CF₃ —MO— CFH₂O— —OM—OCFH₂ —DO— CF₂HO— —OD —OCF₂H —TO— CF₃O— —OT —OCF₃ —A— H—C≡C— —A —C≡C—H—nA— C_(n)H_(2n+1)—C≡C— —An —C≡C—C_(n)H_(2n+1) —NA— N≡C—C≡C— —AN—C≡C—C≡N On the left only in combination On the right only incombination — . . . n . . . — —C_(n)H_(2n)— — . . . n . . .—C_(n)H_(2n)— — . . . M . . . — —CFH— — . . . M . . . —CFH— — . . . D .. . — —CF₂— — . . . D . . . —CF₂— — . . . V . . . — —CH═CH— — . . . V .. . —CH═CH— — . . . Z . . . — —CO—O— — . . . Z . . . —CO—O— — . . . ZI .. . — —O—CO— — . . . ZI . . . —O—CO— — . . . K . . . — —CO— — . . . K .. . —CO— — . . . W . . . — —CF═CF— — . . . W . . . —CF═CF—in which n and m are each integers, and the three dots “ . . . ” areplace-holders for other abbreviations from this table.

Besides the compounds of formula T and L, the mixtures according to theinvention preferably comprise one or more compounds of the compoundsmentioned below.

The following abbreviations are used: (n, m and l are, independently ofone another, each an integer, preferably 1 to 6, I possibly also 0 andpreferably 0 or 2).

TABLE D Exemplary, preferably used compounds of formula T

  PGS-n-F

  PUS-n-F

  PPS-n-T

  PGS-n-T

  PUS-n-T

  PGS-n-OT

  PUS-n-OT

  PUS-n-m

  PGS-n-T

  PGS-n-m Additional compounds comprising a thiophene ring

  CCS-n-T

  CLS-n-T

  CPS-n-T

  CGS-n-T

  CYS-n-T

  CUS-n-T

  LGS-n-T Exemplary, preferably used compounds of formula L

  CLP-n-T

  CLP-n-OT Further Compounds

  CB(S)-n-F

  CB(S)-n-T

  CB(S)-n-OT

  LB(S)-n-F

  LB(S)-n-T

  LB(S)-n-OT

  DB(S)-n-T

  DB(S)-n-OT

  B(S)-n-Om

  B(S)-nO-Om Exemplary, preferred compounds of formula I-S-02 having ahigh ε_(⊥):

  B(S)-n-F

  B(S)-nO-F

  B(S)-n-T

  B(S)-nO-T

  B(S)-n-OT

  B(S)-nO-OT

  YG-n-F

  YG-nO-F

  YG-nO-OD

  YG-n-OD

  YG-n-T

  YG-nO-T

  YG-n-OT

  YG-nO-OT

  CK-n-F and also

  B-n-m

  B-n-Om

  B-nO-Om

  B-n-F

  B-nO-F

  B-n-T

  B-nO-T

  B-n-OT

  B-nO-OT Exemplary, preferred dielectrically positive compounds

  CP-n-F

  CP-n-CL

  GP-n-F

  GP-n-CL

  CCP-n-OT

  CCG-n-OT

  CCG-n-F

  CCG-V-F

  CCG-nV-F

  CCU-n-F

  CCEP-n-F

  CCEG-n-F

  CCEU-n-F

  CDU-n-F

  CPG-n-F

  CPU-n-F

  CPU-n-OXF

  CGG-n-F

  CGG-n-OD

  CGU-n-F

  PGU-n-F

  GGP-n-F

  GGP-n-CL

  PGIGI-n-F

  PGIGI-n-CL

  CCPU-n-F

  CCGU-n-F

  CPGU-n-F

  CPGU-n-OT

  PPGU-n-F

  DPGU-n-F

  CCZU-n-F

  PUZU-n-F

  CCOC-n-m

  CCQG-n-F

  CCQU-n-F

  PUQU-n-F

  CDUQU-n-F

  CPUQU-n-F

  CGUQU-n-F

  PGUQU-n-F

  APUQU-n-F

  DPUQU-n-F

  DGUQU-n-F

  CPU-n-F

  DAUQU-n-F

  CLUQU-n-F

  ALUQU-n-F

  DLUQU-n-F

  LGPQU-n-F Exemplary, preferred dielectrically neutral compounds

  CC-n-m

  CC-n-Om

  CC-n-V

  CC-n-Vm

  CC-n-mV

  CC-n-mVI

  CC-V-V

  CC-V-mV

  CC-V-Vm

  CC-Vn-mV

  CC-nV-mV

  CC-nV-Vm

  CC-n-VV

  CC-n-VVm

  CVC-n-V

  CVC-n-Vm

  CP-n-m

  CP-n-Om

  PP-n-m

  PP-n-Om

  PP-n-mV

  PP-n-mVI

  CCP-n-m

  CCP-n-Om

  CCP-V-m

  CCP-nV-m

  CCP-Vn-m

  CCP-nVm-I

  CLP-V-n

  CLP-n-mV

  CLP-nV-m

  CPP-n-m

  CPG-n-F

  CGP-n-m

  PGP-n-m

  PGP-n-mV

  PGP-n-mVI

  CCVC-n-V

  CCZPC-n-m

  CPPC-n-m

  CGPC-n-m

  CPGP-n-m

Table E shows chiral dopants which are preferably employed in themixtures according to the invention.

TABLE E

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the media accordingto the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the groupof the compounds from Table E.

Table F shows stabilisers which can preferably be employed in themixtures according to the invention in addition to the compounds offormula I. The parameter n here denotes an integer in the range from 1to 12. In particular, the phenol derivatives shown can be employed asadditional stabilisers since they act as antioxidants.

TABLE F

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the media accordingto the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from the groupof the compounds from Table F, in particular one or more compoundsselected from the group of the compounds of the following formulae

EXAMPLES

The following examples explain the present invention without restrictingit in any way. However, the physical properties make it clear to theperson skilled in the art what properties can be achieved and in whatranges they can be modified. In particular, the combination of thevarious properties which can preferably be achieved is thus well definedfor the person skilled in the art.

Compound Examples

Compounds of formula T are e.g.

This compound (PGS-3-T) has a melting point of 61° C., a clearing pointof 172° C., a phase range of K 61° C. SB 98° C. N 172° C. I and a Δε of+13.7.

This compound (PUS-3-T) has a melting point of 67° C., a clearing pointof 102° C., a phase range of K 67° C. N 102° C. I and a Δε of +17.4.

This compound (PUS-3-F) has a melting point of 67° C., a clearing pointof 102° C., a phase range of K 67° C. Sa 76° C. N 102° C. I and a Δε of+10.6.

Analogously the following compounds of formula T-2-2 are prepared

R^(s) X^(s) Phase range Δε C₃H₇ F K 64 S_(?) 81 S_(A) 139 I  7.4 C₃H₇(see above) CF₃ K 61 S_(B) 98 S_(A) 172 I 13.7

Analogously the following compounds of formula T-2-3 are prepared

R^(s) X^(s) Phase range Δε C₃H₇ (see above) F K 67 SA 76 N 102 I 10.6C₃H₇ (see above) CF₃ K 39 S_(A) 137 I 17.4

Further Compound Examples

Mixture Examples

In the following are exemplary mixtures disclosed.

Example 1

The following mixture (M-1) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-1 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 74.0° C.  2 CLP-V-111.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6171  3 CC-3-V 50.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1222  4 CC-3-V1 4.5 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.5  5 PP-1-2V1 8.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 PGP-1-2V 4.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  1.9  7PGP-2-2V 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.2  8 PGU-3-F 3.0 γ₁(20° C.) =47 mPa · s  9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 15.1 pN 10 DGUQU-4-F 3.0k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.0 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.98 V γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) = 3.11 * Remark: * γ₁/k₁₁ [mPa · s/pN] throughout this application.

This mixture, mixture M-1, is characterized by low switching parameterγ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) of 3.11 mPa·s/pN.

Example 2

The following mixture (M-2) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-2 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-3-2 12.0 T(N, I) = 76.0° C.  2 CLP-3-T6.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6178  3 CC-3-V 49.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1253  4 CC-3-V1 6.5 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.2  5 CCP-V-1 4.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 PP-1-2V1 2.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  7PGP-1-2V 4.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.5  8 PGP-2-2V 8.0 γ₁(20° C.) =45 mPa · s  9 PGU-2-F 3.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 15.6 pN 10 PGU-3-F 2.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 13.4 pN 11 PPGU-3-F 1.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.61 V 12 PGUQU-4-F 2.5γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) =  2.88 * Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-2, shows short response times.

Example 3

The following mixture (M-3) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-3 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 75.5° C.  2 CLP-3-T4.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6181  3 CLP-V-1 3.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1239  4 CC-3-V 49.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.7  5 CC-3-V1 4.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 CCP-V-1 5.5 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.1  7PP-1-2V1 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.3  8 PGP-1-2V 4.0 γ₁(20° C.) =45 mPa · s  9 PGP-2-2V 8.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 15.4 pN 10 PGU-2-F 2.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 13.7 pN 11 PGU-3-F 3.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.83 V 12 PPGU-3-F 0.5γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) =  2.92 * 13 PGUQU-4-F 4.0 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-3, shows short response times.

Example 4

The following mixture (M-4) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-4 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-3-2 7.0 T(N, I) = 75.5° C.  2 CLP-3-T4.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6156  3 CLP-V-1 4.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1244  4 CC-3-V 49.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.7  5 CC-3-V1 7.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 CCP-V-1 6.5 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.1  7PP-1-2V1 4.5 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.3  8 PGP-1-2V 2.0 γ₁(20° C.) =44 mPa · s  9 PGP-2-2V 8.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 15.1 pN 10 PGU-2-F 2.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 14.1 pN 11 PGU-3-F 3.5 V₀(20° C.) =  2.81 V 12 PPGU-3-F 0.5γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) =  2.91 * 13 APUQU-2-F 2.0 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-4, shows short response times.

Example 5

The following mixture (M-5) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-5 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-2-2 6.0 T(N, I) = 74.5° C.  2 PUS-3-29.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6186  3 CLP-3-T 6.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1255  4 CC-3-V 49.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.2  5 CC-3-V1 6.5ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 CCP-V-1 4.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  7PP-1-2V1 2.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.5  8 PGP-1-2V 3.0 γ₁(20° C.) =43 mPa · s  9 PGP-2-2V 6.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 15.6 pN 10 PGU-2-F 2.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 13.0 pN 11 PGU-3-F 3.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.60 V 12 PPGU-3-F 1.0γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) =  2.76 * 13 PGUQU-4-F 2.5 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-5, shows short response times.

Example 6

The following mixture (M-6) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-6 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 78.0° C.  2 CLP-3-T6.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6193  3 CLP-V-1 2.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1272  4 CC-3-V 48.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.3  5 CC-3-V1 6.5ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7  6 CCP-V-1 2.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.5  7PGP-1-2V 4.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.9  8 PGP-2-2V 8.0 γ₁(20° C.) =47 mPa · s  9 PGU-2-F 4.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 16.0 pN 10 PGU-3-F 4.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 13.5 pN 11 PPGU-3-F 1.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.24 V 12 PGUQU-3-F 1.5γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) =  2.94 * 13 PGUQU-4-F 2.5° Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-6, shows short response times.

Example 7

The following mixture (M-7) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-7 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 75.0° C.  2 CLP-V-13.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6186  3 CC-3-V 49.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1242  4 CC-3-V1 8.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.6  5 PP-1-2V1 4.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 CPP-3-2 5.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.0  7PGP-1-2V 3.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.3 ???  8 PGP-2-2V 9.0 γ₁(20°C.) = 47 mPa · s  9 PGU-2-F 5.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 14.8 pN 10 DPGU-4-F 3.5°k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.1 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.89 V γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) = 2.91 *

This mixture, mixture M-7, shows short response times.

Example 8

The following mixture (M-8) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-8 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-2-2 7.0 T(N, I) = 76.0° C.  2 PUS-3-211.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6210  3 CLP-3-T 5.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1272  4 CC-3-V 48.5 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.1  5 CC-3-V1 7.5ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 CCP-V-1 5.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.5  7PGP-1-2V 2.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.4  8 PGP-2-2V 5.5 k₁₁(20° C.) =15.8 pN  9 PGU-2-F 3.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.1 pN 10 PGU-3-F 2.0 V₀(20° C.) = 2.64 V 11 PPGU-3-F 1.0 * 12 PGUQU-4-F 2.5 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-8, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 9

The following mixture (M-9) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-9 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 77.0° C.  2 PUS-4-515.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6348  3 PUS-6-5 15.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm)=  0.1408  4 CLP-3-T 6.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.0  5 CC-3-V 41.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 CC-3-V1 2.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.4  7PPGU-3-F 0.5 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.8  8 CCQU-3-F 5.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =16.6 pN  9 APUQU-3-F 1.5 k₃₃(20° C.) = 11.6 pN 10 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 V₀(20°C.) =  2.34 V Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-9, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 10

The following mixture (M-10) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-10 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-4-5 15.0 T(N, I) = 76.0° C.  2 CLP-3-T5.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6349  3 CLP-V-1 4.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1379  4 CC-3-V 44.5 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.2  5 CC-3-V1 3.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8  6 PP-1-2V1 3.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.4  7PGP-1-2V 3.5 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.9  8 PGP-2-2V 9.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =16.0 pN  9 PGU-2-F 6.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 12.5 pN 10 PGU-3-F 3.0 V₀(20° C.) = 2.28 V 11 PPGU-3-F 1.0 12 PGUQU-4-F 3.0 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-10, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 11

The following mixture (M-11) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-11 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-2-2 15.5 T(N, I) = 73.4° C.  2 CLP-3-T7.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6274  3 CC-3-V 36.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1333  4 CC-3-V1 11.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.6  5 CC-3-2V1 5.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6  6 PP-1-2V1 10.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.9  7PGP-1-2V 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.6  8 PGP-2-2V 2.5 k₁₁(20° C.) =16.9 pN  9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.0 pN 10 DGUQU-4-F 2.0 V₀(20°C.) =  2.52 V 11 PGUQU-3-F 4.5 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-11, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 12

The following mixture (M-12) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-12 Composition Compound Concentration No. Abbreviation / % byweight Physical properties  1 PUS-2-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 73.6° C.  2 PUS-3-24.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6283  3 CLP-3-T 7.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1337  4 CC-3-V 37.5 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.6  5 CC-3-V1 11.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7  6 CC-3-2V1 3.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.9  7PP-1-2V1 10.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.6  8 PGP-1-2V 3.5 k₁₁(20° C.)= 16.7 pN  9 PGP-2-2V 6.5 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.9 pN 10 PPGU-3-F 1.0 V₀(20°C.) =  2.51 V 11 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 12 PGUQU-3-F 2.0 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-12, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 13

The following mixture (M-13 is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-13 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-2-2 5.0 T(N, I) = 73.4° C. 2 PUS-3-212.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6272 3 CLP-3-T 7.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1334 4 CC-3-V 37.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.5 5 CC-3-V1 11.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 6 CC-3-2V1 4.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 7PP-1-2V1 10.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.6 8 PGP-1-2V 2.5 k₁₁(20° C.) =17.0 pN 9 PGP-2-2V 4.5 k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.0 pN 10 PPGU-3-F 1.0 V₀(20° C.)=  2.54 V 11 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 12 PGUQU-3-F 2.0 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-13, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 14

The following mixture (M-14) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-14 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-2-2 9.5 T(N, I) = 73.0° C. 2 PUS-3-25.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6278 3 PUS-4-5 5.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1338 4 CLP-3-T 7.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.4 5 CC-3-V 35.5ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 6 CC-3-V1 11.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7CC-3-2V1 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.6 8 PP-1-2V1 10.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =16.9 pN 9 PGP-1-2V 5.5 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.8 pN 10 PPGU-3-F 1.0 V₀(20° C.)=  2.58 V 11 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 12 PGUQU-3-F 1.5 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-14, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 15

The following mixture (M-15) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-15 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-2-2 17.0 T(N, I) = 73.5° C. 2 CLP-3-T7.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6293 3 CC-3-V 35.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1346 4 CC-3-V1 11.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.5 5 CC-3-2V1 10.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6 6 PP-1-2V1 7.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.9 7PGP-1-2V 7.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.6 8 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =17.0 pN 9 DGUQU-4-F 3.5 k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.0 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 2.5 V₀(20°C.) =  2.55 V Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-15, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 16

The following mixture (M-16) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-16 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-2-2 20.0 T(N, I) = 73.7° C. 2 CLP-3-T7.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6292 3 CC-3-V 35.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1348 4 CC-3-V1 11.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.5 5 CC-3-2V1 6.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6 6 PP-1-2V1 8.5 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 7PGP-1-2V 5.5 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.6 8 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =17.1 pN 9 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.9 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 1.5 V₀(20°C.) =  2.59 V Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-16, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 17

The following mixture (M-17) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-17 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 11.0 T(N, I) = 71.5° C. 2 CLP-3-T3.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6167 3 CLP-V-1 8.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1227 4 CC-3-V 49.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.0 5 CC-3-V1 5.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.5 6 PP-1-2V1 11.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.5 7PGP-2-2V 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz)  3.4 8 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =15.1 pN 9 PGUQU-3-F 7.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.7 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.59V

This mixture, mixture M-17, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 18

The following mixture (M-18) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-18 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-2-2 25.0 T(N, I) = 71.0° C. 2 CLP-V-16.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6159 3 CC-3-V 52.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1228 4 CC-3-V1 10.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.5 5 PPGU-3-F 1.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.5 6 PGUQU-3-F 3.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.1 7PGUQU-4-F 3.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz)  3.2 Σ 100.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 14.4 pNk₃₃(20° C.) = 12.4 pN V₀(20° C.) =  2.78 V

This mixture, mixture M-18, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 19

The following mixture (M-19) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-19 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 104.1° C. 2 CLP-3-T6.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6026 3 CC-3-V 28.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1142 4 CC-3-V1 9.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  7.3 5 CCP-V-1 14.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 6 CCP-V2-1 1.5 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.6 7CCVC-3-V 6.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.3 8 PP-1-2V1 3.0 γ₁(20° C.) = 83 mPa · s 9 PGP-2-2V 2.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =  18.6 pN 10 CCG-V-F 4.0 k₃₃(20°C.) =  18.6 pN 1 CCP-3-0T 5.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.13 V 12 DPGU-4-F 2.0γ₁/k₁₁(20° C.) =  4.46 * 13 CDUQU-3-F 3.0 14 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 15 PGUQU-4-F2.5 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-19, is characterized by rather short responsetimes and shows a high clearing point.

Example 20

The following mixture (M-20) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-20 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 75.0° C. 2 CLP-3-T7.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6288 3 CC-3-V 47.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1343 4 CC-3-V1 4.5 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.7 5 PP-1-2V1 7.5ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 6 PGP-1-2V 5.5 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.0 7PGP-2-2V 10.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.7 8 PGU-2-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =15.8 pN 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.5 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 4.0 V₀(20° C.)=  2.43 V 11 PGUQU-4-F 2.5 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-20, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 21

500 ppm of the compound of the formula

wherein the two O atoms bonded to the N atoms indicate radicals, areadded to the mixture M-20 of the previous example. The resultantmixture, mixture M-21, is investigated. It is exhibiting good stabilityagainst exposure to illumination by light, while, at the same time, theother physical properties are maintained.

Example 22

The following mixture (M-22) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-22 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 15.0 T(N, I) = 74.2° C. 2 CLP-3-T6.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6290 3 CC-3-V 40.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1350 4 CC-3-V1 11.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.1 5 PP-1-2V1 8.5ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.9 6 PGP-2-2V 10.5 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.3 7PPGU-3-F 1.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.0 8 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =16.3 pN 9 PGUQU-4-F 3.5 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.2 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.36V

This mixture, mixture M-22, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 23

The following mixture (M-23) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-23 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 15.0 T(N, I) = 74.6° C. 2 CLP-3-T7.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6289 3 CC-3-V 40.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1349 4 CC-3-V1 11.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.9 5 PP-1-2V1 8.5ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 6 PGP-2-2V 11.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.1 7PPGU-3-F 1.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.8 8 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =16.6 pN 9 PGUQU-3-F 2.5 k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.1 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.46V

This mixture, mixture M-23, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples and shows high elastic contant(s) (i.e.k₁₁).

Example 24

The following mixture (M-24) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-24 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-T 15.0 T(N, I) = 77.5° C. 2 CLP-V-110.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6081 3 CLP-3-T 4.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1181 4 CC-3-V 51.0 ε_(∥()20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.7 5 CC-3-V1 6.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 6 PP-1-2V1 2.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.0 7PGP-1-2V 3.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.7 8 PGP-2-2V 8.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =17.1 pN 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.4 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.51V

This mixture, mixture M-24, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples and shows high elastic constant(s) (i.e.k₁₁).

Example 25

The following mixture (M-25) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-25 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-T 4.0 T(N, I) = 74.0° C. 2 CLP-V-110.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6212 3 CC-3-V 49.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1248 4 CC-3-V1 4.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.6 5 PP-1-2V1 12.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6 6 PGP-1-2V 8.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  1.6 7PGP-2-2V 10.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.1 8 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =15.1 pN 9 DGUQU-4-F 2.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.5 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  3.20V

This mixture, mixture M-25, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 26

The following mixture (M-26) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-26 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-T 9.0 T(N, I) = 76.5° C. 2 CLP-V-112.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6212 3 CC-3-V 48.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1235 4 CC-3-V1 7.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.4 5 PP-1-2V1 12.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6 6 PGP-1-2V 7.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  1.8 7PGP-2-2V 8.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.2 8 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =16.1 pN Σ 100.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.7 pN V₀(20° C.) =  3.14 V

This mixture, mixture M-26, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 27

The following mixture (M-27) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-27 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-2-3 5.0 T(N, I) = 74.5° C. 2 PUS-3-25.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.6157 3 PUS-3-T 8.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) = 0.1222 4 CLP-V-1 15.0 ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.2 5 CC-3-V 49.0ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.5 6 CC-3-V1 7.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  1.8 7PP-1-2V1 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.1 8 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =17.1 pN Σ 100.0 k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.3 pN V₀(20° C.) =  3.28 V

This mixture, mixture M-27, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples and shows high elastic constant(s) (i.e.k₁₁).

Example 28

The following mixture (M-28) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-28 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 6.0 T(N, I) = t.b.d. ° C. 2 PUS-3-T4.0 3 CLP-V-1 8.0 4 CLP-3-T 4.0 5 CC-3-V 51.0 6 CC-3-V1 7.0 7 PP-1-2V18.0 8 PGP-2-2V 8.0 9 PPGU-3-F 0.5 10 PGUQU-3-F 3.5 Σ 100.0 Remark:t.b.d. to be determined.

This mixture, mixture M-28, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 29

The following mixture (M-29) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-29 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PGS-3-T 5.0 T(N, I) = t.b.d. ° C. 2 PUS-3-212.0 3 CLP-3-T 7.0 4 CC-3-V 37.0 5 CC-3-V1 11.0 6 CC-3-2V1 4.0 7PP-1-2V1 10.0 8 PGP-1-2V 2.5 9 PGP-2-2V 4.5 10 PPGU-3-F 1.0 11 DGUQU-4-F4.0 12 PGUQU-3-F 2.0 Σ 100.0 Remark: t.b.d. to be determined.

This mixture, mixture M-29, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 30

The following mixture (M-30) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-30 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PGS-2-2 8.0 T(N, I) = t.b.d. ° C. 2 PGS-3-29.0 3 CLP-3-T 7.0 4 CC-3-V 37.0 5 CC-3-V1 11.0 6 CC-3-2V1 4.0 7 PP-1-2V110.0 8 PGP-1-2V 2.5 9 PGP-2-2V 4.5 10 PPGU-3-F 1.0 11 DGUQU-4-F 4.0 12PGUQU-3-F 2.0 Σ 100.0 Remark: t.b.d. to be determined.

This mixture, mixture M-30, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 31

The following mixture (M-31) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-31 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-2-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 76.9° C. 2 PUS-3-220.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1581 3 CLP-3-T 5.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6589 4 CC-3-V 34.5 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.5008 5 CC-3-V1 3.0ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.6 6 CC-3-5 5.5 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7PP-1-2V1 7.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.0 8 PGP-1-2V 4.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.7 9 PGP-2-2V 4.5 k₁₁(20° C.) = 12.7 pN 10 DPGU-4-F 2.0 k₃₃(20°C.) =  2.61 pN 11 DGUQU-4-F 2.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.61 V Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-31, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 32

The following mixture (M-32) is prepared and investigated

Mixture M-32 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 80.9° C. 2 CLP-3-T8.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1350 3 CC-3-V 43.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6290 4 CC-3-V1 8.0 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4940 5 PP-1-2V1 7.5ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.7 6 PGP-1-2V 7.5 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7PGP-2-2V 8.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.0 8 DLGU-3-F 1.5 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.7 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 16.3 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 1.5k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.8 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.6 V γ₁(20° C.) = 55 mPa s

This mixture, mixture M-32, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 33

The following mixture (M-33) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-33 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 25.0 T(N, I) = 86.1° C. 2 CLP-3-T3.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1538 3 CLP-V-1 3.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6530 4 CC-3-V 30.0 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4992 5 CC-3-V1 8.0ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  7.4 6 CCP-V-1 5.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 7CCP-V2-1 4.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.6 8 PP-1-2V1 5.5 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  4.3 9 PGP-2-2V 3.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 18.9 pN 10 PGU-30-F 3.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 15.7 pN 11 PPGU-3-F 0.5 V₀(20° C.) =  2.13 V 12 DGUQU-4-F 5.0γ₁(20° C.) = 69 mPa s 13 PGUQU-3-F 5.0 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-33, is characterized good properties, like thoseof the previous examples.

Example 34

The following mixture (M-34) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-34 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 19.0 T(N, I) = 82.8° C. 2 CLP-3-T2.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1545 3 CLP-V-1 2.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6564 4 CC-3-V 9.0 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.5019 5 CC-3-V1 9.0ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.8 6 CC-3-5 5.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.9 7CCP-V-1 4.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.9 8 CCP-V2-1 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  4.2 9 PP-1-2V1 8.5 k₁₁(20° C.) = 18.8 pN 10 PGP-1-2V 6.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 16.2 pN 11 PGP-2-2V 7.5 V₀(20° C.) =  2.31 V 12 PPGU-3-F 1.0γ₁(20° C.) = 65 mPa s 13 PZU-V2-N 6.0 Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-34, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 35

The following mixture (M-35) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-35 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 13.0 T(N, I) = 74.9° C. 2 CLP-3-T2.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1345 3 CC-3-V 37.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6320 4 CC-3-V1 8.0 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4975 5 CCP-V-1 8.5ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.7 6 CCP-V2-1 3.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7PP-1-2V1 11.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.0 8 PGP-2-2V 10.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.7 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 15.2 pN 10 PZU-V2-N 3.0 k₃₃(20°C.) = 14.0 pN 11 PGUQU-3-F 3.5 V₀(20° C.) =  2.36 V Σ 100.0 γ₁(20° C.) =53 mPa s

This mixture, mixture M-35, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 36

The following mixture (M-36) is prepared and investigated

Mixture M-36 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 20.0 T(N, I) = 82.3° C. 2 PUS-3-V5.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1554 3 CLP-3-T 3.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6565 4 CLP-V-1 3.0 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.5011 5 CC-3-V 27.5ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.6 6 CC-3-V1 9.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7CCP-V-1 5.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.9 8 CCP-V2-1 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  4.0 9 PP-1-2V1 12.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 18.2 pN 10 DGUQU-4-F 5.0k₃₃(20° C.) = 15.1 pN 11 PPGU-3-F 1.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.27 V 12 PGUQU-3-F4.5 γ₁(20° C.) = 68 mPa s Σ 100.0

This mixture, mixture M-36, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 37

The following mixture (M-37) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-37 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 19.5 T(N, I) = 76.2° C. 2 CLP-3-T4.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1347 3 CLP-V-1 7.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6292 4 CC-3-V 29.5 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4945 5 CC-3-V1 13.0ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.7 6 CC-2-3 5.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.6 7PP-1-2V1 12.5 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.1 8 DPGU-4-F 3.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.6 9 DGUQU-4-F 4.5 k₁₁(20° C.) = 18.5 pN 10 DPGU-4-F 3.0k₃₃(20° C.) = 14.1 pN 11 PPGU-3-F 1.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.57 V Σ 100.0γ₁(20° C.) = 53 mPa s

This mixture, mixture M-37, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 38

The following mixture (M-38) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-38 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 72.5° C. 2 CLP-3-T8.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1377 3 CC-3-V 43.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6326 4 PP-1-2V1 7.5 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4949 5 PGP-1-2V 7.5ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.8 6 PGP-2-2V 8.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 7CLP-3-T 8.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  4.0 8 DLGU-3-F 5.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  4.1 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 18.1 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 1.5k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.8 pN Σ 100.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.26 V γ₁(20° C.) = 54 mPa sThis mixture, mixture M-38, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 39

The following mixture (M-39) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-39 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 75° C. 2 CLP-3-T 3.0Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1332 3 CC-3-V 47.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6277 4 CC-3-V1 4.5 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4945 5 PP-1-2V1 7.5ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.8 6 PGP-1-2V 7.5 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 7PGP-2-2V 10.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.0 8 PPGU-3-F 1.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.8 9 CDUQU-3-F 5.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 14.9 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 2.0k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.6 pN 11 PGUQU-4-F 2.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.33 V Σ 100.0γ₁(20° C.) = 51 mPa s

This mixture, mixture M-39, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 40

The following mixture (M-40) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-40 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 75.5° C. 2 CLP-3-T6.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1359 3 CC-3-V 47.5 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6302 4 CC-3-V1 4.5 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4943 5 PP-1-2V1 7.0ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  6.0 6 PGP-1-2V 6.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.8 7PGP-2-2V 6.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.3 8 PGU-20-F 6.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.9 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 16.3 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 2.0k₃₃(20° C.) = 13.6 pN 11 PGUQU-4-F 2.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.35 V Σ 100.0γ₁(20° C.) = 49 mPa s

This mixture, mixture M-40, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 41

The following mixture (M-41) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-41 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) = 76° C. 2 CLP-3-T 6.0Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1350 3 CC-3-V 47.5 ne(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.62724 CC-3-V1 4.5 no(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4922 5 PP-1-2V1 7.0 ε∥(20° C., 1kHz) =  5.8 6 PGP-1-2V 6.0 ε⊥(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7 PGP-2-2V 6.0Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.2 8 CPU-3-AT 7.0 εav.(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.8 9PPGU-3-F 1.0 k11(20° C.) = 16.4 pN 10 PGUQU-4-F 2.0 k33(20° C.) = 13.8pN Σ 100.0 V0(20° C.) =  2.39 V γ1(20° C.) = 49 mPa s

This mixture, mixture M-41, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 42

The following mixture (M-42) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-42 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 21.0 T(N, I) = 75.5° C. 2 CLP-3-T5.0 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1359 3 CC-3-V 51.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6299 4 CC-3-V1 2.0 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4940 5 PP-1-2V1 1.0ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.7 6 PGP-2-2V 9.0 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7CCP-3-0T 2.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.1 8 PGU-2-F 2.0 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.7 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) = 15.8 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 5.0k₃₃(20° C.) = 12.8 pN 11 PGUQU-4-F 1.0 V₀(20° C.) =  2.38 V Σ 100.0γ₁(20° C.) = 46 mPa s

This mixture, mixture M-42, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Example 43

The following mixture (M-43) is prepared and investigated.

Mixture M-43 Composition Compound Concentration/ No. Abbreviation % byweight Physical properties 1 PUS-3-2 10.0 T(N, I) =  81° C. 2 CLP-3-T8.5 Δn(20° C., 589 nm) =  0.1349 3 CC-3-V 43.0 n_(e)(20° C., 589 nm) = 1.6292 4 CC-3-V1 8.0 n_(o)(20° C., 589 nm) =  1.4943 5 PP-1-2V1 7.5ε_(∥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  5.7 6 PGP-1-2V 7.5 ε_(⊥)(20° C., 1 kHz) =  2.7 7PGP-2-2V 8.0 Δε(20° C., 1 kHz) =  3.0 8 DLGU-3-F 8.5 ε_(av.)(20° C., 1kHz) =  3.7 9 PPGU-3-F 1.0 k₁₁(20° C.) =  18.2 pN 10 PGUQU-3-F 1.5k₃₃(20° C.) =  14.9 pN Σ 100.0 γ₁(20° C.) =  57 mPa s LTS Bulk (−20) =240 h LTS Bulk (−30) = 168 h

This mixture, mixture M-43, is characterized by good properties, likethose of the previous examples.

Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the artcan, using the preceding description, utilize the present invention toits fullest extent. The preceding preferred specific embodiments are,therefore, to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative ofthe remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.

The entire disclosure[s] of all applications, patents and publications,cited herein and of corresponding EP Patent application No. 19218466.1,filed Dec. 20, 2019, is [are] incorporated by reference herein.

The preceding examples can be repeated with similar success bysubstituting the generically or specifically described reactants and/oroperating conditions of this invention for those used in the precedingexamples.

From the foregoing description, one skilled in the art can easilyascertain the essential characteristics of this invention and, withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changesand modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages andconditions.

1. A liquid-crystalline medium which comprises: one or more compounds offormula T

in which R^(S1) and R^(S2), independently of one another, denote alkylor alkoxy, having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group is optionallyreplaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene or1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, or alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkyl orfluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group isoptionally replaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, alternatively R^(S1) denotesfluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxy, having 1 to 7 C atoms,alternatively, R^(S2) denotes X^(S), where X^(S1) denotes F, Cl, CN,NCS, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy orfluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter four groups having 1 to 4 C atoms,and Y^(S1) and Y^(S2), independently of one another, denote H or F, andwherein one or more of the aromatic rings are optionally substituted byan alkyl group; and one or more compounds of formula L

in which R^(L1) and R^(L2), independently of one another, denote alkylor alkoxy, having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group are optionallyreplaced by cyclo-propylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene,1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, or alkenyl, alkenyloxy or alkoxyalkyl of 2 to 7 Catoms wherein one —CH₂— group may be replaced by cyclo-propylene,1,3-cyclobutylene, 1,3-cyclopentylene or 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene,alternatively R^(L1) denotes fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxy,having 1 to 7 C atoms, or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms,alternatively, R^(L2) denotes X^(L), where X^(L) denotes F, Cl, CN, NCS,fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy orfluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter four groups having 1 to 4, and Y^(L1)and Y^(L2), independently of one another, denote H or F, and wherein thearomatic ring is optionally further substituted by an alkyl group. 2.The medium according to claim 1, which comprises one or more compoundsof formula T, which are selected from compounds of formulae T-1 and T-2:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings given under formulaT above, with the exception that R^(S2) in formula T-1 may not denoteX^(S), and in which R^(S) denotes alkyl, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl orfluorinated alkoxy, having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂— group isoptionally replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, or alkenyl, alkenyloxy,alkoxyalkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, wherein one—CH₂— group is optionally replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, and X^(S) denotes F, Cl, CN,NCS, fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy orfluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter four groups having 1 to 4 C atoms,and wherein the one or more of the aromatic rings are optionally besubstituted by an alkyl group.
 3. The medium according to claim 2, whichcomprises one or more compounds of formula T-1.
 4. The medium accordingto claim 1, which comprises one or more compounds of formula L, whichare selected from compounds of formulae L-1 and L-2:

wherein the parameters have the respective meanings given under formulaL in claim 1, with the exception that R^(L2) in formula L-1 may notdenote X^(L), and in which R^(L) denotes alkyl, alkoxy, fluorinatedalkyl or fluorinated alkoxy, having 1 to 7 C atoms, wherein one —CH₂—group is optionally replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, or alkenyl, alkenyloxy,alkoxyalkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, wherein one—CH₂— group is optionally replaced by cyclopropylene, 1,3-cyclobutylene,1,3-cyclopentylene, 1,3-cyclo-pentenylene, X^(L) denotes F, Cl, CN, NCS,fluorinated alkyl, fluorinated alkenyl, fluorinated alkoxy orfluorinated alkenyloxy, the latter four groups having 1 to 4 C atoms,and wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted by an alkylgroup.
 5. The medium according to claim 4, which comprises one or morecompounds of formula L-2.
 6. The medium according to claim 4, whichcomprises one or more compounds of formula L-1.
 7. The medium accordingto claim 1, which further comprises one or more compounds selected fromcompounds of formulae II and III:

in which R² denotes alkyl, alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl or fluorinatedalkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms, or alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkyl orfluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 C atoms,

on each appearance, independently of one another, denote

L²¹ and L²² denote H or F, X² denotes halogen, halogenated alkyl oralkoxy having 1 to 3 C atoms or halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy having2 or 3 C atoms, m denotes 0, 1, 2 or 3, R³ denotes alkyl, alkoxy,fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms, oralkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7 Catoms

on each appearance, independently of one another, are

L³¹ and L³², independently of one another, denote H or F, X³ denoteshalogen, halogenated alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 3 C atoms orhalogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 or 3 C atoms, F, Cl, —OCF₃,—OCHF₂, —O—CH₂CF₃, —O—CH═CF₂, —O—CH═CH₂ or —CF₃, Z³ denotes —CH₂CH₂—,—CF₂CF₂—, —COO—, trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF—, —CH₂O— or a single bond,and n denotes 0, 1, 2 or 3 and wherein the one or more of the aromaticrings are optionally be substituted by an alkyl group, with thecondition that the compounds of formula L are excluded from formula III.8. The medium according to claim 1, which further comprises one or morecompounds of formulae IV and V:

in which R⁴¹ and R⁴², independently of one another, denote alkyl,alkoxy, fluorinated alkyl or fluorinated alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms,or alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkoxyalkyl or fluorinated alkenyl having 2 to 7C atoms,

independently of one another and, if

A occurs twice, also these independently of one another, denote

Z⁴¹ and Z⁴², independently of one another and, if Z⁴¹ occurs twice, alsothese independently of one another, denote —CH₂CH₂—, —COO—,trans-CH═CH—, trans-CF═CF—, —CH₂O—, —CF₂O—, —C≡C— or a single bond, pdenotes 0, 1 or 2, R⁵¹ and R⁵², independently of one another, have oneof the meanings given for R⁴¹ and R⁴²

to

if present, each, independently of one another, denote

Z⁵¹ to Z⁵³ each, independently of one another, denote —CH₂—CH₂—,—CH₂—O—, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, —COO— or a single bond, and i and j each,independently of one another, denote 0 or 1 wherein one or more of thearomatic rings are optionally substituted by an alkyl group, and withthe condition that the compounds of formula L are excluded from formulaIV.
 9. The medium according to claim 1, wherein the total concentrationof the compounds of formula T in the medium as a whole is 3% or more to60% or less.
 10. The medium according to claim 1, which additionallycomprises one or more chiral compounds.
 11. An electro-optical displayor electro-optical component, which comprises a liquid-crystallinemedium according to claim
 1. 12. An electro-optical display according toclaim 11, which is based on the IPS- or FFS mode.
 13. An electro-opticaldisplay according to claim 11, characterised in that it contains anactive-matrix addressing device.
 14. An electro-optical displayaccording to claim 11, which is a display for gaming or a mobiledisplay.
 15. A process for the preparation of a liquid-crystallinemedium according to claim 1, comprising mixing one or more compounds offormula T with one or more compounds of formula L and, optionally, withone or more additional mesogenic compounds.
 16. The medium according toclaim 8, wherein the total concentration of the compounds of formula Tin the medium as a whole is 3% or more to 60% or less.
 17. The mediumaccording to claim 1, wherein the total concentration of the compoundsof formula T in the medium as a whole is 5% or more to 40% or less. 18.The liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1, wherein: for R^(S1)and R^(S2) the options for the optional replacement of the —CH₂— groupsare cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, X^(S) is F, Cl, CF₃ or OCF₃,for Y^(S1) and Y^(S2) at least one denotes F, the optional substitutionsfor the aromatic rings in formula T are methyl, for R^(L1) and R^(L2)the options for the optional replacement of the —CH₂— groups arecyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, X^(L) denotes F, Cl, CF₃ or OCF₃,for Y^(L1) and Y^(L2) at least one of them denote H, and the optionalsubstitutions for the aromatic ring in formula L are methyl.
 19. Mediumaccording to claim 2, wherein: for R^(S1) the options for the optionalreplacement of the —CH₂— groups are cyclopropylene or1,3-cyclopentylene, X^(S) denotes F, Cl, CF₃ or OCF₃, and the optionalsubstitutions for the aromatic rings in formulae T-1 and T-2 are methyl.20. Medium according to claim 4, wherein: R^(L) is alkyl, alkoxy,alkenyl or alkenyloxy and the options for the optional replacement ofthe —CH₂— groups are cyclopropylene or 1,3-cyclopentylene, X^(L) denotesF, Cl, CF₃ or OCF₃, and wherein at least one of the aromatic for L-1 orL-2 are optionally substituted by methyl.